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August 23, 2026Journal of Economic Policy Researches / İktisat Politikası Araştırmaları DergisiOpen Access

The Impact of Public Tertiary Education Expenditures on Income Distribution: An Empirical Analysis for Turkiye

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Authors

MÖMehmet Öksüz

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Overview

Time series analysis reveals public tertiary education spending increases long-run income inequality, suggesting higher expenditure alone does not ensure equitable access.

Key Points

  • To determine the long-run impact of public tertiary education expenditures on income distribution in Türkiye from 1995 to 2024.
  • Analyzed national macroeconomic time-series data covering the period from 1995 to 2024.
  • Applied extended Fourier-based co-integration and causality econometric frameworks to account for structural breaks.
  • Public tertiary education expenditures significantly intensified income inequality over the long run.
  • Bidirectional predictive causality was detected between public tertiary education spending and income inequality, showing that past trends in each metric inform the other.

Cite This Study

Mehmet Öksüz (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a8aae007677a34114446af2https://doi.org/10.26650/jepr1856721
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