An ecological study of Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains isolated from the enological fermentative microflora has been conducted in two vineyards (Champagne and Loire Valley) during six consecutive years. The strain identification has been performed by PFE chromosomal patterns or mitochondrial DNA restriction profiles. In both situations a large diversity of molecular patterns has been shown. Some of the strains which were more frequently encountered over the six-year experiment seemed to be widely distributed and representative of one vineyard or one wine production site.
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Vezinhet et al. (1992) studied this question.