Global burden and trend of rheumatic heart disease among women of childbearing age, 1990–2021, with projection to 2040

Figures

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  Fig. 1. The burden and trend of rheumatic heart disease among women of childbearing age in 2021, along with their estimated annual percentage changes from 1990 to 2021, globally and across 21 GBD regions. A Age-standardized incidence rate. B Age-standardized mortality rate. C Age-standardized DALYs rate. D EAPC in age-standardized incidence rate. E EAPC in age-standardized mortality rate. F EAPC in age-standardized DALYs rate. DALY = Disability-adjusted life-years; EAPC = estimated annual percentage change

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  Fig. 2. Age-standardized rates for rheumatic heart disease burden among women of childbearing age in 2021, and their estimated annual percentage changes from 1990 to 2021, by country and territories. Age-standardized rates of incidence (A), mortality (B), and DALYs (C). The estimated annual percentage change in age-standardized rates of incidence (D), mortality (E), and DALYs (F). DALY = Disability-Adjusted Life Years

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  Fig. 3. Age-standardized rates of incidence (A), mortality (B), and DALY (C) for rheumatic heart disease among women of childbearing age, across 21 GBD regions, by socio-demographic index (SDI), from 1990 to 2021. Expected values with 95% confidence intervals (CI), based on SDI and disease rates across all locations, are represented by the solid line and shaded area. 32 data points are plotted for each region, showing the observed disease rate for each year from 1990 to 2021. Points above the solid line indicate a higher-than-expected burden, while points below the line represent a lower-than-expected burden. DALY = Disability-Adjusted Life Years; GBD = Global Burden of Disease Study

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  Fig. 4. The estimated annual percentage changes (EAPC) in the (A) incidence rate, (B) mortality rate, and (C) DALY rate for rheumatic heart disease among women of childbearing age from 1990 to 2021, by age group and SDI. DALY = Disability-adjusted life-years; SDI = Socio-demographic index

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  Fig. 5. The temporal trends of age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) of rheumatic heart disease among women of childbearing age from 1990 to 2021 and their projections through 2040, across the globe and 21 GBD regions. The blue region shows the upper and lower limits of the 95% uncertainty interval (UI). The darker blue areas signify regions with lower uncertainty, whereas the lighter blue areas indicate higher uncertainty. The outer edge of the palest blue region marks the 95% UI