Key result
Between 1991 and 2021, the age-standardized prevalence of rheumatic heart disease in South Asia showed an upward trend with an average annual percentage change of 0.12, while age-standardized death rates declined.
Why the study?
To conduct a temporal analysis of rheumatic heart disease burden trends over a 30-year period (1991 to 2021) in South Asia, focusing on prevalence, deaths, and disability-adjusted life years.
Observational
Effect estimate: AAPC 0.12 (95% CI 0.11-0.13)
Despite declining age-standardized death rates and DALYs, the prevalence of rheumatic heart disease is rising globally, with South Asia disproportionately accounting for over 50% of global RHD-related deaths.
South Asia's disproportionate RHD mortality burden may warrant targeted prevention; leaves open drivers of rising prevalence amid falling mortality.
Background: The objective of this study is to conduct a temporal analysis of rheumatic heart disease (RHD) disease burden trends over a 30-year period (1991 to 2021), focusing on prevalence, deaths, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) in the South Asia (SA). Methods: In this ecological study, we analyzed data regarding burden of RHD from the Global Burden of Diseases (GBD) study spanning the years 1991 to 2021 for the SA Region. Estimates of the number RHD-related prevalence, deaths, and DALYs along with age-standardized rates (ASR) per 100,000 population and 95% uncertainty intervals (UI) were evaluated. Results: ) were from SA, representing 57.6% of the global deaths. The ASR of deaths also showed downward trend between 1991 and 2021, at global level and for SA with an AAPC of -2.66 (-2.70 to -2.63) and -2.07 (-2.14 to -2.00), respectively. The ASR of DALYs showed downward trend between 1990 and 2019, at global level and for South Asian region with an AAPC of -2.47 (-2.49 to -2.44) and -2.22 (-2.27 to -2.17), respectively. Conclusion: The rising age-standardized prevalence of RHD remains a global concern, especially in South Asia which contribute to over 50% of global RHD-related deaths. Encouragingly, declining trends in RHD-related deaths and DALYs hint at progress in RHD management and treatment on both a global and regional scale.
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Naseeb et al. (2024) conducted an observational in Rheumatic Heart Disease. Temporal trends (1991-2021) was evaluated on Age-standardized rate of RHD prevalence in South Asia (AAPC 0.12, 95% CI 0.11-0.13). Between 1991 and 2021, the age-standardized prevalence of rheumatic heart disease in South Asia showed an upward trend with an average annual percentage change of 0.12, while age-standardized death rates declined.
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