An optical gain as high as 10 dB is observed in an Nd3+-doped fluorozirconate fibre amplifier at the 1.343 μm wavelength by using simultaneous forward and backward pumping. Also, high saturation power characteristics are observed, and it may be possible to obtain a gain of 20 dB by cascading the doped fibre amplifiers and optimising fibre structure.
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Sugawa et al. (1990) studied this question.
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