Molecular Evolution of Human Adenovirus (HAdV) Species C

Figure 1. Phylogenetic analysis of the nucleic acid sequences of the neutralization ε determinant loop 1 (A) and loop 2 (B) of the hexon. Genbank sequences of the five HAdV-C prototypes are highlighted by a black dot (labelling indicates accession number-species and type). The neighbor-joining tree was generated based on the Kimura two-parameter model with MEGA7. Bootstrap values < 80% are not robust and therefore not depicted. *Strains 29C2 and 47C2 were renamed as the novel type HAdV-C89.

Figure 2. Phylogenetic analysis of whole-genome sequences. Clustering of nucleic acid sequences of circulating strains with Genbank sequences of the five species HAdV-C prototypes (highlighted by a black dot, labelling indicates accession number-species and type). The neighbor-joining tree was generated based on the Kimura two-parameter model with MEGA7. Bootstrap values < 80% are not robust and therefore not depicted. *Strains 29C2 and 47C2 were renamed as the novel type HAdV-C89.

Figure 3. Phylogenetic analysis of the major capsid genes hexon (A) and fiber (B). Clustering of circulating strains and Genbank sequences of HAdV-C prototypes (highlighted by a black dot, labelling indicates accession number-species and type). The neighbor-joining tree was generated based on the Kimura two-parameter model with MEGA7. Bootstrap values < 80% are not robust and therefore not depicted. *Strains 29C2 and 47C2 were renamed as the novel type HAdV-C89.

Figure 4. Phylogenetic analysis of the major capsid gene penton base. Clustering of circulating strains and prototype sequences (highlighted by a black dot, labelling indicates accession number-species and type). Strains 29C2 and 47C2 were highlighted with a blue box and renamed as novel type HAdV-C89. The neighbor-joining tree was generated based on the Kimura two-parameter model with MEGA7. Bootstrap values < 80% are not robust and therefore not depicted.

Figure 5. Multiple amino acid alignments of the hypervariable loops of the penton base. (A) RGD loop sequences and (B) hypervariable region 1 sequences of all HAdV-C prototypes including the novel HAdV-C89.

Figure 6. Phylogenetic analysis of the early gene regions E1 (A) and E4 (B). Clustering of circulating strains and prototype sequences (highlighted by a black dot, labelling indicates accession number-species and type). The neighbor-joining tree was generated based on the Kimura two-parameter model with MEGA7. Bootstrap values < 80% are not robust and therefore not depicted. *Strains 29C2 and 47C2 were renamed as the novel type HAdV-C89.