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A wave of giant turbines appears set to define the offshore wind energy industry for the next decade.The first of its kind, the Haliade-X turbine-designed and built by GE Renewable Energy, headquartered in Paris, France-stands 260 m tall, with a rotor 220 m in diameter, its 107 m blades sweeping an area of 38 000 m 2 (Fig. 1).The prototype, built on the harbourside in Rotterdam, the Netherlands (Fig. 2), was initially a 12 MW machine, since optimised to 13 MW.Industry certified in November 2020, the turbine produced its first milliwatt hour of electricity in November 2019.
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Sean O’Neill (2021) studied this question.
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