Effects of buoyancy on radiative MHD mixed convective flow of Casson nanofluid across a preamble slippery sheet in Darcy-Forchheimer porous medium: Shrinking/stretching surface model

Recent progress in nanotechnology has resulted in the creation of advanced coolants known as nanofluids, which are used across various industrial and engineering fields. This research examines the impact of buoyant forces on the intricate flow patterns of Casson nanofluids when subjected to convective heating, magnetic fields, thermal radiation, viscous dissipation, and chemical reactions. It provides theoretical insights into the mathematical modeling of non-Newtonian nanofluid flows, focusing specifically on heat and mass transfer in cooling systems. The study analyzes the steady, laminar flow of two-dimensional Casson nanofluids over a permeable, shrinking/stretching slippery sheet in a porous medium, focusing on magnetohydrodynamic mixed convection. The partial differential equations (PDEs) and boundary conditions are converted into first-order ordinary differential equations (ODEs) and numerically solved using the Runge-Kutta-Fehlberg method (RKF45) with MAPLE software. The results depicting the impact of different parameters on dimensionless flow profiles are displayed through graphs and tables. The impact of different parameters on dimensionless flow profiles is illustrated both graphically and in tabular form. For both assisting and opposing flows (−1≤N≤1), enhanced convective heating and thermal Richardson numbers improve most flow profiles except solutal ones, while increased radiative thermal transfer benefits all but the concentration field. Moreover, for opposing flows (N≤0), greater thermophoretic force reduces mass and heat transfer rates, whereas increased Brownian motion has the opposite effect. These findings align well with existing research.