Extracapillary Glomerulonephritis with Necrotizing Vasculitis in D-Penicillamine-Treated Rheumatoid Arthritis

Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis occurred in a woman with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) who had been treated with D-penicillamine for 3 months. Light microscopy study of the kidney showed severe glomerulonephritis with crescent formation in 50% of glomeruli and necrotizing vasculitis. Immunoflurescence revealed IgA and C3 granular deposits diffusely distributed along the capillary walls. The patient was treated with steroid 'pulse', antiplatelet agents and heparin and a partial recovery of renal function was observed after 2 months of anuria. This renal picture is unlike that reported in RA and a causative role for D-penicillamine is suggested.