Training to Handle Controversial Political Issues Using Virtual Simulations: A Case Study of Jewish and Arab Pre-Service Teachers

Despite their educational value, teachers often avoid controversial political issues (CPI). This study explores training pre-service teachers (PSTs) to manage CPI conflicts using virtual simulations. Focusing on one-on-one remedial conversations following classroom disputes, 39 Arab and Jewish PSTs in Israel participated in a six-day program emphasizing communication skills. Qualitative analysis revealed that perceived self-efficacy was central to their success, driven by improved communication, mutual reflection, awareness, and willingness to engage. The findings highlight the value of virtual simulations in teacher education, demonstrating their effectiveness in equipping future educators with the necessary skills and confidence to facilitate difficult CPI discussions.