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August 27, 2026Journal of NanobiotechnologyOpen Access

Regulatory mechanisms of dynamic mitochondria–macrophage interactions in myocardial ischemia–reperfusion injury and materials-based targeted therapy

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Authors

ZBZongze BaiPQPeng QuMZMingZhi Zhou

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Overview

Review outlines dynamic mitochondria-macrophage interactions in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury, highlighting multistage biomaterials as potential targeted therapeutic strategies.

Key Points

  • To review the molecular mechanisms underlying dynamic mitochondria–macrophage crosstalk during myocardial ischemia–reperfusion injury and evaluate biomaterial-based targeted delivery platforms for cardiac therapy.
  • Synthesized evidence on mitochondrial stress, mPTP opening, and cell death pathways including pyroptosis, ferroptosis, and mitoxyperilysis in reperfused myocardium.
  • Examined myeloid sensing of mitochondrial damage signals (mtDAMPs) and macrophage counter-regulatory mechanisms such as efferocytosis, histone lactylation, and intercellular mitochondrial transfer.
  • Evaluated environment-responsive, immune-camouflaged, and multistage materials-based delivery systems aimed at modulating the mitochondria–immune axis.
  • Reperfusion stress prompts mPTP opening and mtDAMP leakage, driving cGAS–STING and NLRP3 inflammasome activation across cardiomyocytes and infiltrating macrophages.
  • Macrophage responses balance tissue injury and repair via lysosomal clearance, metabolic reprogramming, and intercellular mitochondrial exchange via tunneling nanotubes and extracellular vesicles.
  • Smart biomaterials offering stage-specific, environmentally responsive drug release improve delivery efficiency and cardiac recovery by selectively targeting the mitochondria–immune microenvironment.

Cite This Study

Bai et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a8fea3310c91c1e9262244bhttps://doi.org/10.1186/s12951-026-04978-y
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Also Consider

Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context:

  1. 1The immune-cardiovascular metabolic circuitry in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury: from metabolic signal release to spatiotemporal reprogramming2026
  2. 2Oxidative Stress and Its Impact on Reperfused Myocardium: Pathophysiological Insights and Therapeutic Perspectives2026
  3. 3Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury: Molecular Insights, Forensic Perspectives, and Therapeutic Horizons2025 · 31 citations
  4. 4Dual‐Targeted Metabolic Nanovesicles Reprogram Macrophage‐Cardiomyocyte Crosstalk for Myocardial Ischemia‐Reperfusion Therapy2025 · 3 citations
  5. 5Myocardial Ischemia–Reperfusion Injury—Mechanistic Insights and Novel Therapeutics2026 · 11 citations