Changes of Bacterial Spectrum of Lower Respiratory Tract in Patients with Rhinovirus Induced AECOPD

Objective: To evaluate the bacteria pathogenic spectrum in the lower respiratory tract of Acute Exacerbated Chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (AECOPD) patient with Rhinovirus infection. Methods: Sputum samples were collected from patients with AECOPD hospitalized. Respiratory viruses were detected by fluorescent quantitative PCR. According to the results of RhV detection, the patients were divided into two groups: AECOPD patients with rhV positive (RhV+AECOPD group) and AECOPD patients with rhV negative (RhV-AECOPD group) with 11 cases in each group. DNA was extracted from patient sputum. Meta rDNA amplification library was constructed and validated. Variable V4 region of 16S rDNA gene was sequenced. Operational taxonomic unit (OTU) and bacterial species were analyzed between the two groups. Results: There was no significant difference in the average OTUs between the two groups. According to the classification of bacterial pathogens, the level of actinomycetes in sputum of RhV+AECOPD group was significantly higher than that of RhV-AECOPD group (P<0.05); Corynebacterium, Neisseria and Roxiella had significant difference in genus level between the two groups; The species level of Roxiella mucosa had a significant difference in the two groups. The differences between the two groups, from the specific results of complements, indicated that the bacterial pathogens in the experimental group were less than those in the control group: The variable V4 region of 16S rDNA gene sequenced by two-index and two-terminal sequencing, showed that there was the difference in the diversity of lower respiratory tract bacteria between the two groups, indicating that there were significant differences in the microbial community structure between the two groups.