Detection of single photons using a field-effect transistor gated by a layer of quantum dots

We demonstrate that the conductance of a field-effect transistor (FET) gated by a layer of nanometer-sized quantum dots is sensitive to the absorption of single photons. Rather than relying upon an avalanche process, as in conventional semiconductor single-photon detectors, the gain in this device derives from the fact that the conductivity of the FET channel is very sensitive to the photoexcited charge trapped in the dots. This phenomenon may allow a type of three-terminal single-photon detector to be developed based upon FET technology.