Case report demonstrates acute glomerulonephritis and complement activation in an infected patient, highlighting the emerging nephritogenic potential of Streptococcus anginosus.
Streptococcus anginosusis a clinically important pathogen that is emerging globally but remains poorly investigated. Here, we report the first case of acute glomerulonephritis resulting from infection withS. anginosus. Glomerulonephritis is typically caused byS. pyogenesand reports secondary to other strains includingS. zooepidemicusandS. constellatusexist. Infection withS. anginosusin this patient was associated with acute nephritis (haematuria, oedema and hypertension), nephrotic syndrome and progressive azotemia. There was activation of the complement system. The presence of low C1q and elevated anti-C1q binding complexes points to a potential pathogenic role. Testing for streptococcal antigens was strongly positive. Emerging nephritogenic strains ofS. anginosuspresent a significant health concern for both developed and developing countries.
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Maharaj et al. (2018) studied this question.
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