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Commercially available 25μm thick biaxially-oriented polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) film has been poled and investigated as a transducer material by evaluating its mechanical, dielectric, and piezoelectric properties in linear heating rate and isotheremal aging experiments was studied. The piezoelectric strain coefficints, d31 and d32, increase when the film is heatd at 0.5°C/min from 23°C to 150°C, but recover only about one-half their original values upon cooling to room temperature. In isothermal aging log d is linear is log time and between 60°C and 88°C the behavior is characterized by an activation energy of 1.2 eV.
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Blyler et al. (1980) studied this question.
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