The review of data on epidemiology, etiology and pathogenesis, methods of prevention and treatment of postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is presented. A comparative analysis of the influence on the development of POCD of general anesthesia (OA) and regional anesthesia (RA) was carried out. The substantiation of advantages of RA and its combination with components of OA against OA is given. (For citation: Strashnov VI, Zabrodin ON. To the mechanisms of the protective effects of regional anesthesia in relation to the development of postoperative cognitive dysfunction. Reviews on Clinical Pharmacology and Drug Therapy. 2018;16(2):62-68. doi: 10.17816/RCF16262-68).
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