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August 28, 2026Journal of Exercise RehabilitationOpen Access

Effects of a neuromuscular exercise program on lower limb alignment and balance ability in individuals with genu varum and knee pain

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Authors

HMHyung-Hoon MoonSLSung-Ki LeeJLJeong-Ha Lee

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Overview

Randomized trial demonstrates that neuromuscular exercise improves knee alignment, pain, and balance in women with genu varum, suggesting a viable non-surgical therapy.

Key Points

  • To determine the effects of a 12-week neuromuscular exercise program on knee alignment, pain, and static and dynamic balance in individuals with genu varum.
  • Randomized trial including 40 female participants aged 40–60 years with radiographically confirmed genu varum and SF-MPQ pain scores ≥18.0.
  • Participants were randomly assigned to a 12-week supervised neuromuscular exercise program (n=20; 60 min/session, 3 times/week) or a control group maintaining usual activities (n=20).
  • Outcomes included radiographic measures (knee-to-knee length [KTKL], hip inclination angle [HIA], medial proximal tibial angle [MPTA]), SF-MPQ pain, and balance via plantar pressure, analyzed using two-way mixed ANOVA.
  • Significant group-by-time interactions occurred for radiographic alignment and pain (all P<0.001); the exercise group showed reductions in KTKL (-1.09 cm) and SF-MPQ pain (-8.15), along with increases in bilateral HIA (right: +1.56°, left: +1.39°) and MPTA (right: +1.11°, left: +0.89°), while the control group showed minimal changes.
  • Significant interaction effects were detected in selected static and dynamic balance measures (P<0.05), with post hoc analysis confirming improvements predominantly in the exercise group.

Cite This Study

Moon et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a916ea0d15324a1df3aa883https://doi.org/10.12965/jer.2652470.235
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Also Consider

Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context:

  1. 1The effects of eight weeks of sensorimotor training on balance, proprioception, and hip abductor isometric strength in elderly women with genu varum: a randomized controlled trial2026
  2. 2Effectiveness of neuromuscular exercises and neuromuscular electrical stimulation on pain, function and balance in patients with knee osteoarthritis – a randomised controlled trial2024 · 2 citations
  3. 3Which exercise program improves on postural control and functional alignment in individuals with dynamic knee valgus? : Pilates vs neuromuscular exercises2025
  4. 4The effects of combined balance and perturbation training on gluteal muscle activity and hip kinematics in women with patellofemoral pain syndrome: a randomized controlled trial2026 · 1 citations
  5. 5Comparison of the effects of isokinetic exercise system and home exercise program on balance, gait analysis, pain severity and quality of life in patients with bilateral knee osteoarthritis2026