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Abstract—A procedure based on the analytical model of a lumped-element, crossover circulator has been developed to maximize its operating bandwidth. The procedure considers the circulator as a network and employs the circulation impedance — the load associated with perfect circulation — as a metric to optimize the bandwidth. Using this procedure, we find that a maximum 194 % bandwidth can be obtained for an ideal circulator for above-FMR operation. When the same procedure is applied using a simulation model for the 225– 400MHz frequency range, we achieve 125 % bandwidth. We have verified this result from the measurement of a fabricated device; the measured data reveals a bandwidth of 129%. 1.
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Dong et al. (2012) studied this question.
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