Key result
A deteriorated body mass index category over a 3-year period in pubertal Japanese children was associated with an increased risk of elevated blood pressure.
Why the study?
The relationship between high BP and changes in BMI category in Japanese pubertal children had not yet been examined.
Cohort (n=7,090)
Deterioration in BMI category during puberty is strongly associated with the development of elevated blood pressure and hypertension, highlighting the importance of weight management for primordial prevention.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
BMI deterioration signals higher high BP odds in pubertal children; leaves open whether interventions modify trajectories.
Background High blood pressure (HBP) has become a public health issue worldwide. The relationship between high BP and changes in the body mass index (BMI) category in Japanese pubertal children has not yet been examined. To resolve this issue, we examined existing data with a focus on the primordial prevention of high BP signs, including elevated BP, among pubertal children aged 12 and 15 years. Methods Height, body weight, and BP data were examined from health checkups of 18,247 children conducted between 1993 and 2000 in the Karatsu Study, which was a cohort of pediatric lifestyle-related disease prevention medical health checkups in Japan. BP and BMI were assessed using the updated American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) guidelines and Endocrine Society's clinical practice guidelines definitions, respectively. Results Follow-up data were obtained from 7,090 subjects (50.5% boys). Stage 2 hypertension (HTN) was detected in 3% and 2.7% of boys and girls aged 12 years, respectively, and in 2.7% and 1% of boys and girls aged 15 years, respectively. Among children aged 15 years, 1.4% were newly classified with stage 2 hypertension, and 15.6% exhibited improvements to a normal BP. A binomial logistic regression analysis of high BP and BMI category changes revealed odds ratios (OR) in the group with a deteriorated BMI category of 1.51 (95% confidence interval (CI), 1.17-1.94), 2.30 (95%CI, 1.66-3.17), and 6.83 (95%CI, 4.14-11.29) for elevated BP, stage 1 hypertension, and stage 2 hypertension, respectively. Conclusion High BP in puberty positively correlated with BMI category changes. Considering the presence of the tracking phenomenon in hypertension, BP monitoring is an essential part of the early strategy for the prevention of lifestyle-related diseases in childhood, and improvements in BP control are crucial in early life.
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Hayashi et al. (2022) conducted a cohort in High blood pressure and obesity (n=7,090). Deteriorated body mass index category vs. Maintained normal body mass index category was evaluated on Elevated blood pressure at age 15 (OR 1.51, 95% CI 1.17-1.94, p=0.001). A deteriorated body mass index category over a 3-year period in pubertal Japanese children was associated with an increased risk of elevated blood pressure.
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