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August 29, 2026Journal of Hematology & OncologyOpen Access

Current and future therapies for triple-negative breast cancer

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Authors

ZWZi-Xun WangShanghai Medical College of Fudan UniversityXLXiyu LiuShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityYWYu‐Xiao WuShanghai Medical College of Fudan University

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Implication

Review outlines a multilayered therapeutic framework in triple-negative breast cancer, highlighting biomarker-driven strategies for durable disease control.

Key Points

  • To synthesize current and emerging treatment options for triple-negative breast cancer using a three-layer biological framework to guide precision oncology.
  • Structured therapeutic approaches across three interconnected biological levels: tumor-cell-intrinsic vulnerabilities, the local immune/stromal microenvironment, and host-level systemic modifiers.
  • Categorized interventions by clinical maturity, evaluating evidence level, disease stage, biomarker reliability, and patient tolerance.
  • Standard-of-care treatments include cytotoxic chemotherapy, immune checkpoint blockade, antibody-drug conjugates, and PARP inhibitors in biomarker-selected patient populations.
  • Investigational and maturing modalities include pathway-directed kinase inhibitors, epigenetic modulators, cell therapies, cancer vaccines, and microbiome interventions guided by liquid biopsy and AI-driven multiomics.

Cite This Study

Wang et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a9299088e5d7d1fc0c10b9ehttps://doi.org/10.1186/s13045-026-01839-x
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