Key result
HIV/HCV coinfection was associated with a significantly lower magnitude and breadth of HCV-specific interferon-γ production compared to HCV monoinfection during acute HCV infection.
Why the study?
Does HIV/HCV coinfection impair HCV-specific T-cell responses in acute HCV infection compared to HCV monoinfection?
Cohort (n=40)
Yes
Does HIV/HCV coinfection impair HCV-specific T-cell responses in acute HCV infection compared to HCV monoinfection?
Absolute Event Rate: 98% vs 205%
p-value: p=0.042
HIV/HCV coinfection impairs HCV-specific Th1 cytokine responses during acute HCV infection, and this impairment correlates with CD4+ T-cell counts.
May warrant closer monitoring of acute HCV in HIV coinfection; leaves open effects on clearance and DAA response.
Studies examining the effect of coinfection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) on the HCV-specific immune response in acute HCV infection are limited. This study directly compared acute HCV-specific T-cell responses and cytokine profiles between 20 HIV/HCV-coinfected and 20 HCV-monoinfected subjects, enrolled in the Australian Trial in Acute Hepatitis C (ATAHC), using HCV peptide enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISPOT) and multiplex in vitro cytokine production assays. HIV/HCV coinfection had a detrimental effect on the HCV-specific cytokine production in acute HCV infection, particularly on HCV-specific interferon γ (IFN-γ) production (magnitude P = .004; breadth P = .046), which correlated with peripheral CD4(+) T-cell counts (ρ = 0.605; P = .005) but not with detectable HIV viremia (ρ = 0.152; P = .534).
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Flynn et al. (2012) conducted a cohort in Acute Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) infection (n=40). HIV/HCV coinfection vs. HCV monoinfection was evaluated on Magnitude of HCV-specific interferon-γ (IFN-γ) production (spot-forming cells) (p=0.042). HIV/HCV coinfection was associated with a significantly lower magnitude and breadth of HCV-specific interferon-γ production compared to HCV monoinfection during acute HCV infection.
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