Key result
Elevated resting heart rate trajectory linked to ~54% higher incident CKD risk in hypertension.
Why the study?
Elevated resting heart rate increases CKD risk, but the relationship between longitudinal patterns of resting heart rate and CKD risk in hypertensive patients is unclear.
Are resting heart rate trajectories associated with the risk of incident chronic kidney disease in patients with hypertension?
Cohort (n=21,509)
Are resting heart rate trajectories associated with the risk of incident chronic kidney disease in patients with hypertension?
In hypertensive patients, both low-stable and elevated-stable resting heart rate trajectories are associated with an increased risk of incident chronic kidney disease compared to a moderate low-stable trajectory.
Does not support changing practice based on heart rate trajectories; leaves open whether modification reduces CKD incidence in hypertension.
Background: An elevated resting heart rate (RHR) increases the risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD), but the relationship between longitudinal patterns of RHR and the risk of CKD in hypertensive patients is unclear. We aimed to explore the association between RHR trajectories and incident CKD in hypertensive patients. Methods: A total of 21,509 hypertensive participants from the Kailuan cohort who were free of CKD and cardiovascular disease before 2010 were included. The RHR trajectories were developed using latent mixture modeling based on examination data in 2006, 2008, and 2010. Cox proportional hazards regression models were established to evaluate the association between RHR trajectories and risk of incident CKD. Results: = 276 [1.28%], mean RHR range, 99.63-100.74 beats/min). During an average follow-up of 7.93 years, 2,769 cases of CKD were identified. Compared with the moderate low-stable group, adjusted hazard ratios for CKD were 1.15 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.03-1.29) for the low-stable group, 1.22 (95% CI, 1.10-1.37) for the moderate high-stable group, and 1.54 (95% CI, 1.13-2.09) for the elevated-stable group. Conclusions: RHR trajectories were associated with the risks of CKD in patients with hypertension.
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Ge et al. (2026) conducted a cohort in hypertension (n=21,509). Resting heart rate trajectories vs. Moderate low-stable resting heart rate trajectory was evaluated on Incident chronic kidney disease (CKD) (HR 1.54, 95% CI 1.13-2.09). Elevated-stable resting heart rate trajectories increased the risk of incident chronic kidney disease in hypertensive patients compared to a moderate low-stable trajectory (HR 1.54; 95% CI 1.13-2.09).
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