Analysis of the Arterial Blood Pressure Waveform Using Fast Fourier Transform Technique During Left Ventricular Nonpulsatile Assistance: In Vitro Study

In vitro mock circulation loop composed of an aortic compliance chamber, a left atrial compliance chamber, a pneumatic pulsatile pump representing a native heart, and a rotary blood pump representing a left ventricular assist device (LVAD) with left atrial drainage.

Varying LVAD rotational speed and assist ratio

Correlation between LVAD condition (rotational speed, flow rate, assist ratio) and arterial blood pressure waveform parameters (pulsatility index [PI] and pulse power index [PPI]) calculated using Fast Fourier Transformsurrogate