Key result
Electrocardiogram-gated MR imaging using four-chamber imaging, 5 mm slice thickness, and 5-7 mm slice intervals successfully reconstructed the mitral and tricuspid annuli in 3 beating hearts.
Observational (n=3)
Optimized ECG-gated MRI parameters enable successful 3D reconstruction of atrioventricular annuli in beating hearts, providing essential anatomical data for total artificial heart design.
May inform total artificial heart annulus modeling; leaves open validation in larger human cohorts before any clinical use.
The establishment of a method to clarify the three-dimensional interrelations among the mitral annulus, tricuspid annulus, ascending aorta, and main pulmonary artery, which constitute the interface between the human and total artificial heart (TAH), is essential to the design of the TAH. In a previous study based on transverse magnetic resonance (MR) images of a live human heart, reconstructed images of mitral and tricuspid annuli were found to be deformed. The present study of cadaver and beating hearts revealed that the optimal conditions for atrioventricular annular reconstruction of a beating heart with electrocardiogram-gated MR imaging include use of four-chamber imaging, 5 mm slice thickness, and a slice interval ranging from 5 to 7 mm. Under these conditions, the mitral and tricuspid annuli of 3 beating hearts were reconstructed successfully. It was recognized that during the systolic phase the mitral and tricuspid annuli move anteriorly, leftward and downward, and that in late systole the right lateral margin of the tricuspid annulus is close to the sternum.
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Komoda et al. (1992) reported an observational. Electrocardiogram-gated MR imaging was evaluated on Successful reconstruction of mitral and tricuspid annuli. Electrocardiogram-gated MR imaging using four-chamber imaging, 5 mm slice thickness, and 5-7 mm slice intervals successfully reconstructed the mitral and tricuspid annuli in 3 beating hearts.
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