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August 30, 2026BMC ChemistryOpen Access

Quantification of paracetamol and flupirtine maleate in tablet formulation by application of spectral modification and principle component regression techniques using R programming

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Authors

AMAnand MahajanABAditi M. BhandariSKShivani Kunkalienkar

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Overview

Analytical study demonstrates accurate simultaneous quantification of paracetamol and flupirtine maleate in tablets, suggesting cost-effective and green alternatives to chromatography.

Key Points

  • To develop and validate four spectrophotometric and chemometric methods for the simultaneous quantification of paracetamol and flupirtine maleate in combined tablet formulations without prior separation.
  • Developed three ratio spectrum-based techniques (ratio difference, mean centering, and ratio derivative spectroscopy) and a principal component regression model programmed in R.
  • Validated the analytical procedures following ICH Q2(R2) guidelines and evaluated spectral purity using spectral contrast angles and spectral ratio factors.
  • Compared analytical accuracy against a validated HPLC reference method using Student's t-test and F-test, and assessed environmental sustainability using AGREE and Complex GAPI metrics.
  • All four proposed methods successfully resolved overlapping UV spectra in prepared mixtures and commercial formulations while maintaining specificity, linearity, precision, and robustness.
  • Statistical comparison demonstrated no significant differences between the proposed methods and the HPLC reference method at the 95% confidence level.
  • Environmental greenness assessments confirmed that the spectrophotometric procedures offer superior ecological safety compared to standard chromatographic workflows.

Cite This Study

Mahajan et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a93f1176c1a8fb52e79dbeehttps://doi.org/10.1186/s13065-026-01889-9
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