What does this research mean for the field?

In Indonesia's nickel industry, regulatory governance mechanisms and mining documents are systematically manipulated through a five-phase process to facilitate and conceal state-sponsored economic crimes. Novelty: ClaimNovelty.NOVEL_FINDING. Consensus alignment: ConsensusAlignment.NEUTRAL.

What question did this study set out to answer?

To investigate how regulatory documents are exploited to facilitate state-sponsored economic offenses and distinguish administrative non-compliance from criminal conduct in the nickel mining sector.

August 30, 2026F1000ResearchOpen Access

When Law Becomes a Shield for Crime: Administrative Concealment in Indonesia's Nickel Mining Sector

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To investigate how regulatory documents are exploited to facilitate state-sponsored economic offenses and distinguish administrative non-compliance from criminal conduct in the nickel mining sector.
Doctrinal legal analysis combining Indonesian mining, anti-corruption, and corporate law with judicial records from the Mandiodo case and prosecutorial documents.
Benchmarking against international extractive standards from the Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative (EITI) and OECD.
Identified a five-stage Licensing-to-State-Economic-Crime (LSEC) framework: legitimate access, bureaucratic manipulation, origin alteration, financial transformation, and obfuscation.
Demonstrated that criminality arises from coordinated knowledge, intentional manipulation, and illicit gain rather than minor administrative errors.
Analyzed legal implications of Constitutional Court Decision No. 123/PUU-XXIII/2025 and ne bis in idem issues in subsequent money-laundering prosecutions.

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Implication

Doctrinal legal study reveals systemic document manipulation in nickel mining, highlighting the need for enhanced extractive governance integrity systems.

Cite This Study

Haris et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a93f1266c1a8fb52e79df1e https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.189563.1

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Implication

Doctrinal legal study reveals systemic document manipulation in nickel mining, highlighting the need for enhanced extractive governance integrity systems.

When Law Becomes a Shield for Crime: Administrative Concealment in Indonesia's Nickel Mining Sector

Key Points

Discussion

Implication

Cite This Study

When Law Becomes a Shield for Crime: Administrative Concealment in Indonesia's Nickel Mining Sector

Key Points

Discussion

Implication

Cite This Study

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