Implementing the SEA Directive: sectoral challenges and opportunities for the UK and EU

This paper examines the implementation of Directive 2001/42/EC on the assessment of the effects of certain plans and programmes on the environment (the ‘SEA Directive’) in the UK and draws out wider implications from the UK approach for implementation across the EU as a whole. The paper begins with a brief overview of the UK's progress in implementing the directive in relation to three key issues: establishing the legal framework for implementing the directive; identifying those plans and programmes to which the directive will apply and providing support for implementation (e.g. through guidance and training). The paper then focuses on three sectors – land use planning, water and energy – and discusses key issues affecting implementation in each sector. In the land use planning sector, for example, a key issue is the incorporation of the SEA Directive's requirements into a wider sustainability appraisal process, which addresses economic and social as well as environmental concerns. The sectoral comparison is followed by a discussion of the issues confronting the UK and the potential lessons for the EU as a whole and a series of recommendations to guide implementation.