The surface pressure fluctuations caused by bubbles at subsonic speeds are described and related with the mean pressure within the bubble and the development of the mixing layer. The pressure fluctuations caused by bubbles increase gradually from the separation line, reach a maximum near the reattachment line and then decrease gradually downstream of the reattachment line. Spectra of the pressure fluctuations near the reattachment line are similar for bubbles caused by leading-edge separation on wings, by forward facing steps, by rearward facing steps, by sudden enlargements in pipes and by cavities, if all the spectra are expressed in terms of a frequency parameter based on the bubble length. These observations should give a fairly good preliminary design method for evaluating fluctuating pressures.
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D. G. Mabey (1972) studied this question.
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