Frequency tuning and miniaturization of square microstrip antenna embedded with “T”‐shaped defected ground structure

Study of the effect of “T”‐shaped defected ground structure (DGS) on frequency tuning and size reductions of a square microsrtrip antenna in comparison with square conventional and slit added compact patches are presented. Parametric analysis of the DGS shows that the resonant frequency of the proposed antenna can be tuned from 3.188 GHz down to 1.80 GHz with more than 4% fractional bandwidth. A significant size reduction of about 80% is achieved.