Effects of ultra-filtration purification of infectious bursal disease virus on immune responses and cytokine activation in specific pathogen free chickens.

Figures

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  Fig. 1. Histopathological appearance of bursa of Fabricius. A) Mild depletion of lymphoid cells of the bursal follicles being indicated by arrow and a lot of normal lymphoid cells in the bursa of group A chickens being vaccinated by IBD07IR 1 week after vaccination; B) The same feature in group B being vaccinated by concentrated infectious bursal disease virus; C) Normal lymphoid follicle in the bursa of control chickens (H & E staining, bars = 100 µm).

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  Fig. 2. Specific antibody titration against infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) in specific pathogen free chickens being immunized with commercial vaccine and concentrated antigen. A) Neutralizing antibody titers in the serum obtained from chicken groups. The trend of increasing in the specific titer is shown with dotted and continuous lines; B) Antibody titers against IBDV measured by ELISA

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  Fig. 3. Lymphocyte proliferation response to infectious bursal disease virus in specific pathogen free chickens being immunized with commercial vaccine and concentrated antigen. The stimulation index threshold limit is shown with a red line. Bars represent means ± standard errors. * indicates statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) between the averages found for the vaccinated groups and those found for the control group. UF: Ultra-filtration; IBDV: Infectious bursal disease virus

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  Fig 4. Relative mRNA expression levels of IFN-γ and IL-2 cytokines in SPF chickens immunized with commercial vaccine (CV) and concentrated antigen (CA) on 14th and 28th days after vaccination. Results are represented as fold change compared to levels in negative control, after normalization with GAPDH in log2 scale. Bars show means ± standard errors. * and ** represent the significant differences (p < 0.05) in expression of IFN-γ and IL-2 in vaccinated groups compared to the control group