With the top loading of a shorted cross patch of equal arm lengths, a cylindrical monopole antenna can have a low profile (about 7.5% of the free‐space wavelength of the center operating frequencies) and broadband operation (larger than 23%). In addition, by comparing to the case of top loading a shorted rectangular patch, the obtained conical radiation patterns of the proposed low‐profile monopole antenna are much more uniform in all of the ϕ‐planes. Details of the proposed antenna and experimental results are presented.
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Yeh et al. (2001) studied this question.
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