Key result
Increasing the simulated cardiac tissue model size from 5x5 to 7x7 cells increased the transverse propagation velocity from 4.0 cm/sec to 8.0 cm/sec, demonstrating that boundary effects slow transverse propagation.
Absolute Event Rate: 8% vs 4%
In simulated cardiac action potentials, larger model sizes exhibit faster transverse propagation velocities, suggesting that boundary effects slow transverse velocity.
Small simulation domains may artifactually slow transverse propagation; leaves open optimal domain sizes for accurate cardiac modeling.
BACKGROUND: We previously demonstrated that transverse propagation of excitation (cardiac action potentials simulated with PSpice) could occur in the absence of low-resistance connections (gap--junction channels) between parallel chains of myocardial cells. The transverse transmission of excitation between the chains was strongly dependent on the longitudinal resistance of the interstitial fluid space between the chains: the higher this resistance, the closer the packing of the parallel chains within the bundle. The earlier experiments were carried out with 2-dimensional sheets of cells: 2 x 3, 3 x 4, and 5 x 5 models (where the first number is the number of parallel chains and the second is the number of cells in each chain). The purpose of the present study was to enlarge the model size to 7 x 7, thus enabling the transverse velocities to be compared in models of different sizes (where all circuit parameters are identical in all models). This procedure should enable the significance of the role of edge (boundary) effects in transverse propagation to be determined. RESULTS: It was found that transverse velocity increased with increase in model size. This held true whether stimulation was applied to the entire first chain of cells or only to the first cell of the first chain. It also held true for retrograde propagation (stimulation of the last chain). The transverse resistance at the two ends of the bundle had almost no effect on transverse velocity until it was increased to very high values (e.g., 100 or 1,000 megohms). CONCLUSION: Because the larger the model size, the smaller the relative edge area, we conclude that the edge effects slow the transverse velocity.
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Sperelakis et al. (2005) studied Simulated cardiac action potentials. Increased model size (7x7 array) vs. Smaller model sizes (5x5, 3x4, 2x3 arrays) was evaluated on Transverse propagation velocity. Increasing the simulated cardiac tissue model size from 5x5 to 7x7 cells increased the transverse propagation velocity from 4.0 cm/sec to 8.0 cm/sec, demonstrating that boundary effects slow transverse propagation.
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