During the last few decades there is growing interest for the use of nanoparticles in water and wastewater treatment technology, due to their distinctive physiochemical characteristics. This review outlines the conceivable opportunities regarding the interaction of nanoparticles with the biological systems during water and wastewater treatment processes. An overview on the recent advances in application of nanoparticles in biofouling prevention and disinfection is provided. Recent advances in nanoscience allow for development of nanosensors for biomonitoring and diagnostic purposes. Due to remarkable use of nanoparticles, wastewater treatment plants received considerable amount of NPs such as TiO2, ZnO, N2O, AgO, CuO, SiO2, Al2O3 and CeO2. Toxic effects of nanoparticles on structural and physiological activity of various microbial communities including; nitrification, denitrification and phosphorus removal processes are critically reviewed.
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Mahmoud M. Berekaa (2016) studied this question.
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