A new viral threat: Enterovirus D68

Enterovirus D68 (EV-D68) is a non-enveloped singlestranded RNA virus with positive polarity that usually leads to respiratory tract infections. It is classified in the Picornaviridae family. It binds to 2-6 sialic acid instead of 2-3 sialic acid which is an EV receptor in respiratory tract. It may be responsible for the central nervous system infections especially in children, as well as the upper respiratory tract, and lower respiratory tract infections. It is associated with poliolike paralysis. The virus is transmitted by secretions of infected people such as saliva, sputum, and mucus. It is associated with serious complications in infants and children with the underlying respiratory disease and asthma, and immunosuppressive patients. In United States and Canada, in 2014, a large-scale outbreak occurred. Then, it led to outbreak in Europe, Thailand, China, New Zealand and in some African countries. EV-D68, due to reproduce at 33 C and the low tolerance to the acid is considered an atypical EV. Therefore, seasonal distribution of EV-D68 infection is beginning of the autumn and winter months. The virus can be isolated in cell culture, but the diagnosis is often based on molecular methods. For diagnosis, respiratory samples, and sometimes cerebrospinal fluid and blood samples can be used. Currently, there is no specific vaccine and drug for EV-D68. Supportive treatment may be sufficient for mild and moderate cases. Severe cases require hospitalization and intensive care. For protection, it is recommended to avoid to share foods or drinks with infected patients and avoid to kiss them Geli Tarihi /