Why the study?
Except for EV-D68, the entire family Picornaviridae had been illustrated in the literature, prompting a discussion of current knowledge about EV-D68 and its role in acute flaccid myelitis.
This review summarizes the virology, epidemiology, and potential treatments for Enterovirus D-68, highlighting its association with acute flaccid myelitis.
Supports EV-D68 surveillance in AFM; leaves open need for prospective antiviral trials.
Enterovirus D68 (EV-D68) is a single-stranded positive-sense RNA virus, and it is one of the family members of Picornaviridae. Except for EV-D68, the entire family Picornaviridae has been illustrated in literature. EV-D68 was first discovered and isolated in California, USA, in 1962. EV-D68 has resulted in respiratory disorders' outbreaks among children worldwide, and it has been detected in cases of various neurological diseases such as acute flaccid myelitis (AFM). A recent study documented a higher number of EV-D68 cases associated with AFM in Europe in 2016 compared to the 2014 outbreak. EV-D68 is mainly diagnosed by quantitative PCR, and there is an affirmative strategy for EV-D68 detection by using pan-EV PCR on the untranslated region and/or the VP1 or VP2, followed by sequencing of the PCR products. Serological tests are limited due to cross-reactivity of the antigens between the different serotypes. Many antiviral drugs for EV-D68 have been evaluated and showed promising results. In our review, we discuss the current knowledge about EV-D68 and its role in the development of AFM.
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Ebada et al. (2020) studied this question.
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