Analysis of the first gene cluster encoding cytochalasan biosynthesis and targeted RNA silencing in Penicillium expansum revealed that these complex tricyclic natural products are assembled by a fungal PKS-NRPS hybrid synthase, CheA. A biosynthetic Diels−Alder macrocyclization can be rationalized on the basis of the deduced enzyme functions.
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Schümann et al. (2007) studied this question.
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