Long-term exposure to various types of dietary fat modulates acrylamide-induced preneoplastic lesions of colon mucosa through Wnt/β-catenin signaling in rats
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Implication
Animal study reveals dietary fats differentially modulate acrylamide-induced colon preneoplastic lesions via Wnt signaling in rats, suggesting protective effects from olive and fish oils.
Key Points
To evaluate how long-term intake of different dietary fats affects preneoplastic colon lesions and Wnt signaling pathway activity in acrylamide-exposed rats.
Male Sprague-Dawley rats received intraperitoneal acrylamide (5 mg/kg body weight) and diets with 10% corn oil, olive oil, beef tallow, or fish oil for 8 weeks, followed by 40 additional weeks on the fat diets.
Aberrant crypt foci were assessed at 12 weeks, and colon mucosal cell proliferation (BrdU incorporation), apoptosis, and Wnt pathway markers (beta-catenin, cyclin D1, Wnt2, Wnt3, Wnt5a) were evaluated at 48 weeks.
Corn oil and beef tallow significantly increased aberrant crypt foci formation, elevated BrdU incorporation, upregulated cytosolic beta-catenin and cyclin D1, and reduced apoptosis.
Olive oil and fish oil diets weakened aberrant crypt foci formation relative to the other fat diets.
Wnt ligand expression varied by fat source: beef tallow increased Wnt2 and Wnt3 levels, whereas corn oil increased Wnt5a levels.