Scalable behavioural weight management programmes for the prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes: research programme including three RCTs

Amy L. Ahern; Julia Mueller; Penny Breeze; Stephen J. Sharp; Fiona Whittle; Alan Brennan; Andrew J. Hill; Robbie Duschinsky; Carly A. Hughes; Francesco Fusco; Stephen Morris; Jennifer Bostock; Simon J. Griffin

doi:10.3310/dhyt8854

October 31, 2025Programme Grants for Applied ResearchOpen Access

Scalable behavioural weight management programmes for the prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes: research programme including three RCTs

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Key Points

To evaluate the clinical effectiveness, cost-effectiveness, and feasibility of scalable behavioural weight management and maintenance programmes for preventing and treating type 2 diabetes.
A 5-year follow-up of the WRAP randomized controlled trial (N = 1,267) evaluated brief advice versus 12-week or 52-week Weight Watchers in adults at risk of type 2 diabetes.
A randomized controlled trial (GLoW, N = 577) assessed diabetes education alone versus education combined with a 6-month Weight Watchers programme and dietitian support in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes.
A 6-month randomized feasibility trial (N = 61) evaluated Supporting Weight Management, a digital acceptance-based maintenance intervention, alongside lifetime microsimulation health economic modelling.
In the 5-year diabetes prevention trial, mean weight change was −0.46 kg (SD 8.31) for brief intervention, −1.95 kg (SD 9.55) for 12 weeks, and −2.67 kg (SD 9.81) for 52 weeks, with no statistically significant adjusted difference between groups.
In newly diagnosed patients, the combined behavioural intervention achieved greater weight loss than education alone at 6 months (−1.77 kg, 95% CI −2.86 to −0.67) and 12 months (−1.38 kg, 95% CI −2.56 to −0.19), though glycated haemoglobin differences were not detected.
Lifetime microsimulation modelling demonstrated that 52-week Weight Watchers was cost-effective and cost-saving, while the combined diabetes education and weight management programme yielded an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of £2,290 per quality-adjusted life-year gained.

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Implication

Randomized trials demonstrate weight loss and lifetime cost-effectiveness in adults with or at risk of type 2 diabetes, indicating scalable interventions provide long-term healthcare value.

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Ahern et al. (2025) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a956f046c0b764b9776ab97 https://doi.org/10.3310/dhyt8854

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Scalable behavioural weight management programmes for the prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes: research programme including three RCTs

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Scalable behavioural weight management programmes for the prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes: research programme including three RCTs

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