Key result
Poliovirus demonstrated efficient, temperature-dependent transcytosis in Caco-2 cell monolayers containing M-like cells, supporting their role as gateways for viral entry.
Provides experimental evidence that M cells can serve as gateways for poliovirus to access the basal face of enterocytes and underlying immune cells.
Supports M-cell gateways for poliovirus in cell models; leaves open in vivo relevance and implications for human infection or vaccination.
During the digestive-tract phase of infection, poliovirus (PV) is found in the oropharynx and the intestine. It has been proposed that PV enters the organism by crossing M cells, which are scattered in the epithelial sheet covering lymphoid follicles of Peyer's patches. However, PV translocation through M cells has never been demonstrated. A model of M-like cells has been previously developed using monolayers of polarized Caco-2 enterocytes cocultured with lymphocytes isolated from Peyer's patches. In this model, lymphoepithelial interactions trigger the appearance of epithelial cells having morphological and functional characteristics of M cells. We have demonstrated efficient, temperature-dependent PV transcytosis in Caco-2 cell monolayers containing M-like cells. This experimental evidence is consistent with M cells serving as gateways allowing PV access to the basal face of enterocytes, the underlying immune follicle cells, and PV transport toward mesenteric lymph nodes.
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Ouzilou et al. (2002) studied Poliovirus infection. Poliovirus was evaluated on Poliovirus transcytosis. Poliovirus demonstrated efficient, temperature-dependent transcytosis in Caco-2 cell monolayers containing M-like cells, supporting their role as gateways for viral entry.
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