Protective Effects of Huangqi Shengmai Yin on Type 1 Diabetes-Induced Cardiomyopathy by Improving Myocardial Lipid Metabolism

Figures

• 

  Figure 1. Pathological characteristics of diabetic mice. (a) Fasting blood glucose. (b) Body weight. Data are expressed as mean ± SD. ∗∗∗P < 0.001 versus the Control group.

• 

  Figure 2. Effects of HSY on body weight and fasting blood glucose in DCM mice. Data are expressed as mean ± SD. ∗∗∗P < 0.001 versus the Control group.

• 

  Figure 3. Effect of HSY treatment on myocardial injury and myocardial hypertrophy. (a) Representative images of ECG. (b) ECG parameters. (c) HE staining of heart tissues (scale bar = 100 μm). (d) Serum level of CK-MB. (e) Serum level of LDH. (f) Serum level of BNP. (g) Ratio of heart weight to body weight. Data are expressed as mean ± SD. ∗P < 0.05, ∗∗P < 0.01, and ∗∗∗P < 0.001 versus the Control group; #P < 0.05, ##P < 0.01, and ###P < 0.01 versus the DCM group.

• 

  Figure 4. Effect of HSY treatment on lipid metabolism dysfunction in DCM mice. (a) Oil Red O staining of myocardial tissues (scale bar = 50 μm). (b) quantitative analysis of Oil Red O staining. (c) Serum level of TC. (d) Serum level of TG. (e) Serum level of LDL. (f) Serum level of HDL. (g) Serum level of FFA. Data are expressed as mean ± SD. ∗P < 0.05, ∗∗P < 0.01, and ∗∗∗P < 0.001 versus the Control group; #P < 0.05, ##P < 0.01, and ###P < 0.01 versus the DCM group.

• 

  Figure 5. Effect of HSY treatment on structural damage and dysfunction of myocardial mitochondria in DCM mice. (a) TEM images of the mitochondrial structure (scale bar = 1 μm). (b) ATP content of myocardial tissues. Data are expressed as mean ± SD. ∗P < 0.05, ∗∗P < 0.01, and ∗∗∗P < 0.001 versus the Control group; #P < 0.05, ##P < 0.01 versus the DCM group.

• 

  Figure 6. Effect of HSY treatment on myocardial fibrosis in DCM mice. (a) Masson staining of myocardial tissues (scale bar = 100 μm). Representative images of immunohistochemistry for Col I (b) and Col III (c) protein expression in myocardial tissues (scale bar = 100 μm). (d) Quantitative analysis of Masson staining. Quantitative analysis of Col I (e) and Col III (f). Data are expressed as mean ± SD. ∗P < 0.05, ∗∗P < 0.01, and ∗∗∗P < 0.001 versus the Control group; #P < 0.05, ##P < 0.01, and ###P < 0.001 versus the DCM group.

• 

  Figure 7. Effect of HSY treatment on expression of PPARα in DCM mice. (a) Representative images of immunohistochemistry for PPARα protein expression in myocardial tissues. (scale bar = 100 μm). (b) Quantitative analysis of PPARα protein expression. Data are expressed as mean ± SD. ∗P < 0.05 and ∗∗P < 0.01 versus the Control group; #P < 0.05 and ##P < 0.01 versus the DCM group.

• 

  Figure 8. Effect of HSY treatment on the expression of proteins that affect lipid metabolism in DCM mice. (a) Expression levels of related proteins in myocardial tissue. ((b)–(e)) Expression levels of the related proteins were calculated. β-Actin was used as an internal control. Data are expressed as mean ± SD. ∗P < 0.05, ∗∗P < 0.01, and ∗∗∗P < 0.01 versus the Control group; #P < 0.05, ##P < 0.01, and ###P < 0.01 versus the DCM group.