Key result
An immunoinformatics approach identified 5 B-cell and 18 T-cell epitopes common to EV-D68, EV-D70, and EV-A71, with the VFYDGFAGF epitope being the most immunogenic.
Why the study?
Human enterovirus serotypes D-68, D-70, and A-71 exhibit high genetic diversity and lack available vaccines, necessitating efforts to develop a cross-protective vaccine directed against these heterologous viruses.
An immunoinformatics approach identified 5 B-cell and 18 T-cell epitopes in the VP1 protein of Enterovirus serotypes EV-D68, EV-D70, and EV-A71, providing potential targets for a cross-protective vaccine.
Epitope predictions may guide EV vaccine targets; leaves open in vivo efficacy and human translation.
The three human Enterovirus serotypes D-68, D-70, and A-71, are common pathogens that are transmitted by fecal-oral and aerosol routes. These positive RNA viruses were known to exhibit high levels of genetic diversity and variability. Currently, no vaccines are available to protect humans from these three serotypes. Therefore, efforts are needed for the development of a vaccine directed against heterologous viruses. In our study, an immunoinformatics approach is used to identify T- and B-cell epitopes that may help for the generation of a universal vaccine against EV-D70, EV-A71, and EV-D68. B and T cell epitopes were selected based on their length. As a result, 5 B cell epitopes and 18 T cell epitopes were predicted. Our B cell epitope prediction results showed that there are a number of linear regions. Position 150-170 was found to be the most immunogenic for the different strains. Regarding the epitopes of the T lymphocytes, the result of the interactions shows that 95% of the predicted epitopes are common between the 3 sequences and the 5 methods used. These results demonstrate the great immunogenic potential of these sequences and their capacities to trigger immune reactions in people with different HLA alleles. The “VFYDGFAGF” epitope is the most important and most immunogenic for triggering an immune response. Our study results allowed us to identify epitopes to be used in the development of cross-protection vaccines against the three Enterovirus serotypes. However, in vivo and in vitro studies are needed to assess the potential of the epitopes predicted by our study.
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Boussettine et al. (2021) studied Enterovirus (EV-D68, EV-D70, EV-A71). Computational epitope prediction was evaluated on Identification of common T- and B-cell epitopes. An immunoinformatics approach identified 5 B-cell and 18 T-cell epitopes common to EV-D68, EV-D70, and EV-A71, with the VFYDGFAGF epitope being the most immunogenic.
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