Key result
Each one-point increase in the EVIDENT diet quality index was associated with a 0.14 decrease in cardiovascular risk, as well as significant reductions in blood pressure, waist circumference, and arterial stiffness.
Why the study?
Does a higher EVIDENT diet quality index improve cardiovascular risk and arterial stiffness in adults without cardiovascular disease?
Cross-Sectional (n=1,553)
Yes
Does a higher EVIDENT diet quality index improve cardiovascular risk and arterial stiffness in adults without cardiovascular disease?
Effect estimate: β -0.14 (95% CI -0.267 to -0.019)
p-value: p=<0.05
A higher EVIDENT diet quality index is significantly associated with lower cardiovascular risk, blood pressure, waist circumference, and arterial stiffness in adults without cardiovascular disease.
Supports diet quality assessment in primary prevention; leaves open causal effects on events.
BACKGROUND: We aimed to simplify information from food frequency questionnaires (FFQs) in a single parameter that allows for rapid identification of quality of patient diet and its relationship to cardiovascular risk and pulse wave velocity (PWV). METHODS: The sample from the EVIDENT study, consisting of 1553 subjects (aged 20-80 years) with no cardiovascular disease selected by random sampling among those attending primary care clinics, was used. The EVIDENT diet index (range 0-100) was calculated based on the results of a FFQ. Evaluation of dietary habits also included adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD). Cardiovascular risk was estimated, and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity was measured. RESULTS: Mean subject age was 54.9 ± 13.8 years, and 60.3% of subjects were female. The mean value of the EVIDENT diet index was 52.1 ± 3.2 points. Subjects in the third tertile (the highest score) had the greatest adherence to MD and the highest energy intake, with greater amounts of carbohydrates, protein, and fiber. The best cut-off point of the EVIDENT diet index for predicting good adherence to the MD is 52.3 (0.71 sensitivity, 0.61 specificity). In a multiple regression analysis, after a complete adjustment, it was estimated that for each one-point increase in the EVIDENT diet index, cardiovascular risk (CVR), blood-pressure, waist circumference, and PWV decreased by 0.14, 0.43, 0.24, and 0.09 respectively (p < 0.05, all). CONCLUSIONS: The diet quality index developed is associated to CVR and its components, and also with arterial stiffness, as measured with PWV. This index is also a good predictor of adherence to MD.
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Rodríguez-Martin et al. (2017) conducted a cross-sectional in No cardiovascular disease (n=1,553). EVIDENT diet quality index vs. Lower EVIDENT diet index scores was evaluated on Cardiovascular risk (CVR) (β -0.14, 95% CI -0.267 to -0.019, p=<0.05). Each one-point increase in the EVIDENT diet quality index was associated with a 0.14 decrease in cardiovascular risk, as well as significant reductions in blood pressure, waist circumference, and arterial stiffness.
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