Key result
Greater Atlantic diet and physical activity adherence linked to lower cardiovascular risk, cholesterol, and triglycerides.
Why the study?
Studying population adherence to the Atlantic Diet could be simplified by an easily and quickly applied dietary index to evaluate its relationship with cardiovascular risk factors and arterial stiffness.
Does high adherence to the Atlantic Diet and physical activity improve cardiovascular risk factors and arterial stiffness in adults without cardiovascular disease?
Observational (n=791)
Does high adherence to the Atlantic Diet and physical activity improve cardiovascular risk factors and arterial stiffness in adults without cardiovascular disease?
p-value: p=<0.001
Greater adherence to the Atlantic diet and physical activity is associated with a better cardiovascular risk profile and lower arterial stiffness in adults without prior cardiovascular disease.
Higher Atlantic diet adherence linked to lower CV risk markers; hypothesis-generating for index use in risk assessment, needs prospective validation.
Background: Studying the adherence of the population to the Atlantic Diet (AD) could be simplified by an easy and quickly applied dietary index. The aim of this study is to analyse the relationship of an index measuring compliance with recommendations regarding the Atlantic diet and physical activity with cardiovascular disease risk factors, cardiovascular risk factors, obesity indexes and arterial stiffness markers. Methods: We included 791 individuals from the EVIDENT study (lifestyles and arterial ageing), (52.3 ± 12 years, 61.7% women) without cardiovascular disease. Compliance with recommendations on AD was collected through the responses to a food frequency questionnaire, while physical activity was measured by accelerometer. The number of recommendations being met was estimated using a global scale between 0 and 14 points (a higher score representing greater adherence). Blood pressure, plasma lipid and glucose values and obesity rates were measured. Cardiovascular risk was estimated with the Framingham equation. Results: In the overall sample, 184 individuals (23.3%) scored between 0–3 on the 14-point index we created, 308 (38.9%) between 4 and 5 points, and 299 (37.8%) 6 or more points. The results of multivariate analysis yield a common tendency in which the group with an adherence score of at least 6 points shows lower figures for total cholesterol (p = 0.007) and triglycerides (p = 0.002). Similarly, overall cardiovascular risk in this group is the lowest (p < 0.001), as is pulse wave velocity (p = 0.050) and the mean values of the obesity indexes studied (p < 0.05 in all cases). Conclusion: The rate of compliance with the Atlantic diet and physical activity shows that greater adherence to these recommendations is linked to lower cardiovascular risk, lower total cholesterol and triglycerides, lower rates of obesity and lower pulse wave velocity values.
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Rodríguez-Martín et al. (2019) conducted an observational in without cardiovascular disease (n=791). Adherence to the Atlantic Diet and physical activity vs. Lower adherence (score 0-5) was evaluated on Overall cardiovascular risk (p=<0.001). Greater adherence to the Atlantic diet and physical activity (score ≥6) was associated with lower overall cardiovascular risk (p<0.001), total cholesterol (p=0.007), and triglycerides (p=0.002).
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