Key result
The SYNTAX Score II predicted 4-year mortalities of 8.5% for PCI and 10.5% for CABG in patients with unprotected left-main coronary artery disease (OR 0.79; 95% PI 0.43-1.50).
Why the study?
Does PCI with everolimus-eluting stent compared to CABG improve predicted 4-year mortality in subjects with ULMCA disease and low-intermediate SYNTAX scores?
RCT
Randomized
Yes
Does PCI with everolimus-eluting stent compared to CABG improve predicted 4-year mortality in subjects with ULMCA disease and low-intermediate SYNTAX scores?
Odds Ratio: 0.79 (95% CI 0.43–1.5)
Absolute Event Rate: 8.5% vs 10.5%
The SYNTAX Score II predicts at least equipoise for long-term mortality between CABG and PCI in patients with ULMCA disease and low-to-intermediate anatomical complexity.
May support equipoise between PCI and CABG in low-intermediate SYNTAX ULMCA disease; leaves open need for randomized confirmation.
AIMS: To prospectively validate the SYNTAX Score II and forecast the outcomes of the randomized Evaluation of the Xience Everolimus-Eluting Stent Versus Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery for Effectiveness of Left Main Revascularization (EXCEL) Trial. METHODS AND RESULTS: Evaluation of the Xience Everolimus Eluting Stent vs. Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery for Effectiveness of Left Main Revascularization is a prospective, randomized multicenter trial designed to establish the efficacy and safety of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with the everolimus-eluting stent compared with coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery in subjects with unprotected left-main coronary artery (ULMCA) disease and low-intermediate anatomical SYNTAX scores (<33). After completion of patient recruitment in EXCEL, the SYNTAX Score II was prospectively applied to predict 4-year mortality in the CABG and PCI arms. The 95% prediction intervals (PIs) for mortality were computed using simulation with bootstrap resampling (10 000 times). For the entire study cohort, the 4-year predicted mortalities were 8.5 and 10.5% in the PCI and CABG arms, respectively [odds ratios (OR) 0.79; 95% PI 0.43-1.50). In subjects with low (≤22) anatomical SYNTAX scores, the predicted OR was 0.69 (95% PI 0.34-1.45); in intermediate anatomical SYNTAX scores (23-32), the predicted OR was 0.93 (95% PI 0.53-1.62). Based on 4-year mortality predictions in EXCEL, clinical characteristics shifted long-term mortality predictions either in favour of PCI (older age, male gender and COPD) or CABG (younger age, lower creatinine clearance, female gender, reduced left ventricular ejection fraction). CONCLUSION: The SYNTAX Score II indicates at least an equipoise for long-term mortality between CABG and PCI in subjects with ULMCA disease up to an intermediate anatomical complexity. Both anatomical and clinical characteristics had a clear impact on long-term mortality predictions and decision making between CABG and PCI.
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Campos et al. (2015) conducted an RCT in Unprotected left-main coronary artery (ULMCA) disease. Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with everolimus-eluting stent vs. Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery was evaluated on 4-year predicted mortality (OR 0.79, 95% CI 0.43-1.50). The SYNTAX Score II predicted 4-year mortalities of 8.5% for PCI and 10.5% for CABG in patients with unprotected left-main coronary artery disease (OR 0.79; 95% PI 0.43-1.50).
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