Assessing Vitamin D3 in Patients with a Therosclerosis and Their Correlation with Interferon Gamma and Biochemical Markers in the Salah al-Din Governorate

The study aimed to assess vitamin D3 levels particularly interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), and their correlation with various biochemical and physiological markers. This study involved 180 males aged 45–75 years. Group1 had long-term atherosclerosis, Group 2 had recently developed atherosclerosis, Group 3 had both atherosclerosis and diabetes, and for each group (n=40), Group 4 (n=35) had atherosclerosis and were receiving vitamin D3 supplements, and Group 5 (n=25) was the healthy group. Blood samples were collected at Salah al-Din General Hospital after diagnosis by specialist doctors. Results significant (P≤0.01) in IFN-γ levels in Groups 1, 2, and 3. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels showed a significant increase (P≤0.01) in groups 2, 3, and 4. aminotransferase (ALT) levels showed a significant increase (P≤0.01) in group 2. These findings suggest a strong association between atherosclerosis and altered IFN-γ and liver enzyme levels, indicating potential biomarkers for disease progression and treatment monitoring. Vitamin D3 plays a crucial role in preventing atherosclerosis, particularly by reducing the incidence of high-risk atherosclerotic plaques and decreasing the burden of non-calcified plaques.