Key result
The mechanisms of body fluid regulation differ greatly among vertebrates according to their habitat, with plasma sodium concentration being the primary regulatory factor in terrestrial animals and blood volume in aquatic fishes.
Population
Vertebrate species (fishes, amphibians, reptiles, birds, mammals)
Design
Review
Authors
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Highlights habitat-specific fluid regulation that may limit cross-species extrapolation in cardiology; leaves open targeted human mechanistic studies.
Comparative studies reveal that while terrestrial animals primarily regulate plasma Na+ concentration, aquatic teleost fishes strictly regulate blood volume, reflecting adaptive evolution of body fluid regulation.
Yoshio Takei (2000) conducted a review in Body fluid regulation and thirst in vertebrates. Comparative physiology of body fluid regulation was evaluated. The mechanisms of body fluid regulation differ greatly among vertebrates according to their habitat, with plasma sodium concentration being the primary regulatory factor in terrestrial animals and blood volume in aquatic fishes.