Key result
Excess dietary salt demonstrated a harmful association with all-cause mortality, cardiovascular disease mortality, and headache across 3 studies comprising 233,680 participants.
Why the study?
Does excess dietary salt intake increase adverse health outcomes including mortality?
Systematic Review (n=233,680)
Does excess dietary salt intake increase adverse health outcomes including mortality?
Excess dietary salt is associated with increased all-cause and cardiovascular mortality, supporting public health efforts to reduce population salt intake.
Reinforces salt reduction efforts in practice; leaves open need for more rigorous RCTs on mortality.
Studies identified from an updated systematic review (from June 2014 to May 2015) on the impact of dietary salt intake on clinical and population health are reviewed. Randomized controlled trials, cohort studies, and meta-analyses of these study types on the effect of sodium intake on blood pressure, or any substantive adverse health outcomes were identified from MEDLINE searches and quality indicators were used to select studies that were relevant to clinical and public health. From 6920 studies identified in the literature search, 144 studies were selected for review, of which only three (n=233,680) met inclusion criteria. Between them, the three studies demonstrated a harmful association between excess dietary salt and all-cause mortality, noncardiovascular and cardiovascular disease mortality, and headache. None of the included studies found harm from lowering dietary salt. The findings of this systematic review are consistent with the large body of research supportive of efforts to reduce population salt intake and congruent with our last annual review from June 2013 to May 2014.
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Johnson et al. (2016) conducted a systematic review in Dietary salt intake (n=233,680). Excess dietary salt vs. Lower dietary salt was evaluated on All-cause mortality, noncardiovascular and cardiovascular disease mortality, and headache. Excess dietary salt demonstrated a harmful association with all-cause mortality, cardiovascular disease mortality, and headache across 3 studies comprising 233,680 participants.
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