Key result
In patients admitted to the cardiac intensive care unit with acute heart failure, the presence of severe mitral regurgitation, anemia, lower systolic blood pressure, and higher blood urea nitrogen were independent predictors of a longer hospital stay.
Observational (n=150)
No
Effect estimate: β=2.55 (95% CI 0.06-5.05)
p-value: p=0.045
In patients admitted to the cardiac ICU with acute heart failure, anemia, severe mitral regurgitation, lower systolic blood pressure, and higher blood urea nitrogen independently predict a longer hospital stay.
May identify acute HF patients at risk for prolonged CICU stay; hypothesis-generating and requires prospective validation.
OBJECTIVE: Despite increasing incidence, data regarding clinical and demographic characteristics of patients with acute heart failure (AHF) admitted to cardiac intensive care unit (ICU) are inconclusive. The aim of this study was to assess the presentation characteristics and factors determining the length of hospital stay in this particular patient population. METHODS: We conducted a single-center, prospective study involving 150 patients hospitalized to cardiac ICU with the primary diagnosis of AHF. Chi-square and Student t tests were used for the analysis of categorical and continuous variables, respectively. Linear regression analysis (LRA) was used to determine the factors affecting the length of hospital stay. RESULTS: Forty-nine percent of the patients had new-onset AHF and 25% had preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). In 25.3% of all patients and 46.6% of the patients with new-onset HF the precipitating factor was acute coronary syndrome. Atrial fibrillation and valvular heart disease as precipitating factors were more common in patients with preserved EF, when compared to low EF group. LRA showed that presence of anemia [β=1.62; 95% CI 0.08-3.15; p=0.039)] and severe mitral regurgitation (β=2.55; 95% CI 0.06-5.05; p=0.045) and systolic blood pressure (β=-0.03; 95% CI -0.06 - -0.002; p=0.039) and blood urea nitrogen (β=0.034; 95% CI 0.006 - 0.06; p=0.016) were the independent predictors of length of stay. CONCLUSION: Underlying cardiovascular risk factors, comorbidities and precipitating pathologies were diverse and highlighted the inhomogeneous characteristics of AHF syndromes. However, in-hospital mortality was high and initial clinical presentation characteristics were significantly associated with in-hospital outcome.
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Şahin et al. (2012) conducted an observational in Acute heart failure (n=150). Clinical and demographic characteristics (e.g., severe mitral regurgitation, anemia) vs. Absence of these characteristics was evaluated on Length of hospital stay (β=2.55, 95% CI 0.06-5.05, p=0.045). In patients admitted to the cardiac intensive care unit with acute heart failure, the presence of severe mitral regurgitation, anemia, lower systolic blood pressure, and higher blood urea nitrogen were independent predictors of a longer hospital stay.
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