Key result
Among 70 HIV-infected children, the prevalence of cardiac abnormalities on electrocardiogram was 51.3%, most commonly sinus tachycardia and QTc prolongation.
Why the study?
Cardiac abnormalities contribute to morbidity in HIV-infected children and remain subclinical during childhood before becoming symptomatic in adulthood.
What is the prevalence of electrocardiogram abnormalities in HIV-infected children?
Cross-Sectional (n=70)
What is the prevalence of electrocardiogram abnormalities in HIV-infected children?
Over half of HIV-infected children exhibit subclinical ECG abnormalities, highlighting the potential need for routine cardiac monitoring in this population.
ECG abnormalities may occur in HIV-infected children; hypothesis-generating for screening utility and HAART effects, needing prospective validation.
HIV is an important cause of childhood morbidity and mortality affecting more than 1.3 million children worldwide, one of the morbidity is cardiac abnormalities. Cardiovascular abnormalities are still subclinical during childhood then become symtomatic in adulthood. Electrocardiography is effective to detect cardiac diseases. This study aimed to assess ECG changes in HIV infected children and describe ECG abnormalities in HIV-infected children with or without HAART. From 70 subjects, we found the most common abnormality was sinus tachycardia in 17 patients (24.3%), sinus bradycardia 1 patient (1.4%) and 2 patients with sinus arrhythmia (2.9%). The mean QTc interval was 0.42 seconds (±0.07) and 14 patients (20%) had prolongation. The mean PR interval was 0.12 seconds (±0.02), 11 patients (15.7%) experienced prolongation of PR interval. The mean QRS duration was 0.06 seconds (±0.09). Left ventricular enlargement was present in 6 patients (8.6%), conduction disturbance which is characterized by Bundle branch block was found in 2 patients (2.9%) and ST changes was seen in 2 patients (2.9%). Other ECG abnormalities are characterized by right ventricle hyperthropy in 4 patients and a patient had T tall. The prevalence of cardiac abnormalities based on ECG examination from this study was 51.3%, consist of heart rhythm abnormality, prolonged PR interval, prolonged QTc interval, bundle branch block, ventricle hypertrophy and ST changes.
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Apsari et al. (2020) conducted a cross-sectional in HIV infection (n=70). HIV infection was evaluated on Prevalence of cardiac abnormalities based on ECG examination. Among 70 HIV-infected children, the prevalence of cardiac abnormalities on electrocardiogram was 51.3%, most commonly sinus tachycardia and QTc prolongation.
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