Mathematical modeling study demonstrates how reforestation stabilizes vegetation cover against dust pollutants and climate change, indicating green areas risk shifting into desertification.
Utilizing vegetation cover in a greenbelt effectively mitigates the risk of dust pollutants and climate change. Reforestation activities are essential to enhance vegetation cover. A mathematical model that investigates how reforestation might mitigate the effects of climate change and dust pollutants on vegetation cover dynamics is presented. The proposed system is precisely articulated. The analysis conducted by the model focuses on pinpointing potential equilibrium positions. The research demonstrated that establishing four stable states is achievable. The required conditions of the local stability are indicated for all equilibria. Bifurcation theory is carried out to determine transcritical and Hopf bifurcations. The numerical simulations confirmed the theoretical study. The study reveals that the green area is at risk of turning into a desertification area if reforestation activities are not implemented.
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Hakeem et al. (2026) studied this question.
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